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This page calculates the head loss of a fluid at an abrupt pipe entrance. The head loss coefficient at an abrubt duct exit is 1.0.

The head loss h_L can be calculated as:

h_L = k_loss x (u_m² / (2 x g) )

Where k_loss is the head loss coefficient, u_m is the flow velocity in the pipe, and g is the gravitational acceleration. k_loss is 1.0 for an abrupt pipe exit.

References

Idel'chik, I E. and Fried, Erwin., Flow Resistance, a Design Guide for Engineers, Taylor & Francis, Washington D.C. 1989. p 349.